Time vs Speed

Guiding Question: What affects the speed of an object?

Hypothesis: We think that weight and mass affect speed because the heavier the object is the more gravity pulls on it and then it goes faster.

Manipulated variable: speed of the balls, distance of the ball from a reference point

Controlled variable: weight, mass and density of the ball

Responding variable: The speed of the balls to change according to the weight and mass of the ball.

Materials

1.       3 different sized balls

2.       Rubber band

3.       Stop watch

4.       One wooden track

Procedure

1.     Collect materials that are written above

2.     Lay the track flat on the floor

3.     Measure 1 and a half meters when it is laying flat

4.     Test each ball three times on the track (time how long it takes the ball to travel from point a to b.)

5.     Do that three times.

6.     Then find the speed for every object by dividing distance by time.

7.     Find the average of the speed and time of each ball

8.     See if the hypothesis was correct or wrong 

Key Terms:

What is a force?

A force is a push or pull upon an object resulting from the object's interaction with another object. Whenever there is an interaction between two objects, there is a force upon each of the objects. When the interaction ceases, the two objects no longer experience the force. Forces only exist as a result of an interaction.

What is Friction?

Friction is a force that resists sliding motion between surfaces that are touching. 

What is momentum?

Momentum refers to moving things. It is a product of the mass of an object and its velocity. Momentum is why the driver of a car applies the brake to stop the car rather than just taking his foot off the accelerator. The car has gathered momentum and will continue to move forward after the driver stops accelerating it.

How do these 3 affect speed of an object?

Momentum affects speed because momentum is the object’s mass times the objects speed.

Friction affects speed because it slows down the object. For example, when you are riding a bike downhill, first you are going fast but as you stop going downhill you will slow down, that is because of friction.

      Force affects speed because without force, the object can’t move. And the more force you put into the object, it      will  go faster.

Table and Graph:

 

Data analysis:

On my graphs I can see that the average time and speed was lowest for the tennis ball. I think that this is very weird because i would expect the biggest and heaviest ball shout be the slowest. I also see that the 3 trials for the Styrofoam ball were the most alike. I think that in some balls we put too much force, and in some too little. So I don't think our data is that accurate.

Conclusion: 

My hypothesis was correct because all the things I listed do affect speed, but there are more things than that that affect the speed of an object. 

Momentum affects speed because momentum is the object’s mass times the objects speed.

Friction affects speed by slowing the ball down. For example, when you are riding a bike, it will eventually slow down and stops because of friction.

Force affects speed because the stronger the force the faster the object in motion, and the weaker the force the object will go slower.

From this lab I learned that it doesn’t matter if the ball is larger than the other ball, it all depends all on the force, density and many more things. In this case the Styrofoam ball went the smoothest.

Further Inquiry:

             During our Test we made only one mistake. On some balls we put too much force, and on some too little. That causes our data not to be that accurate. Next time if I do something similar, I will probably use a ruler, or rubber band.

Marble Motion

GUIDING QUESTIONS:

1. Does a mass of a marble affect how the marble moves?
2. When given a force, what happens to its motion?

HYPOTHESIS: 

1. I think that the mass affects the way the marble moves because if it is heavy and huge it moves slower than the small and light ones. Think of it as people, for bigger people it is a bit hard to get up and exercise but for thinner people it is always easy to bend down or run fast.
2. When force is in the spotlight, the motion does as the force says. The speed and the way an object moves is all about how hard and strong is the force. Forces can't be seen by sight, but motion is there to show how the force is acting.

MATERIALS


small marble
big marble
tennis ball
metal marble
ping pong ball
small foam ball

TABLE:

1 Straw                                            2 straws



DATA ANALISIS

I can tell from the data I got that the weight is a big factor in how far and fast the ball will move and the amount of force you put on the ball. Also most of the balls moved left and right they did not go in a straight line, so we had to straighten the desk. The one that moved the least when we bowed with 1 straw was the golf ball because it was heavy and big, but it did move, and the least that moved with 2 straws was the red ball. That ones that moved the farthest for 1 straw were the big styrophone ball, ping pong ball, big marble, mid marble and the small marble That many because they all got 137+, we also had many in the 2 straws.



CONCLUSION

From my data I can tell that my hypothesis was correct. So the more force you have the longer the ball will go. And the bigger and heavier ball will go shorter. As I did this project I found out that even before mentioning marble motion or forces and motion, I knew a lot more in my head. I liked this project because it wasn't like other labs or project.


FURTHUR INQUARY

If I were to do this project again I would use a more flat table that is not leaning to the side. Another thing that I would do is to make a track so it could not curve too much and so that i could know the exact length instead of 137+. Also I would weigh each of them to get a better answer. All in all I am happy with how I worked with my partner and did in general. If I did this again though I know there are ways I could do better. Like many people say, there is always room for improvement.

From Feet to Fathoms lab report

History:  English units are the historical units of measurement in medieval England which evolved as a combination of the Anglo-Saxon and Roman systems of units. They were redefined in England in 1824 by a Weights and Measures Act, which retained many but not all of the unit names with slightly different values, and again in the 1970s by the International System of Units as a subset of the metric system.  

G.Q.:What is the importance of having an International measuring system? How accurate are old measurements using body parts?

Hypothesis: I think that now it is much more useful to have the International measuring system because before it wasn't that accurate, when you are short the measurement would be, for example, 5 feet and then when you grow up much more. If measuring with arms the first time you can extend your arms less than the second time. That is why I think this International measuring system is useful more than the old measurements.

Materials:

• Partner

• Objects in the classroom (whiteboard, desk, hallway, SPACE book, Peep, Crayon box)

• List of ways to measure:

Pace: legs outstretched =1 yard approximately or 1 meter

Egyptian cubit= elbow to tip of the middle finger= 18 inches or 45 cm

Fathom = middle finger to middle finger across the body = 6 feet, 180 cm, 1.8m

Palm = across the palm of the hand = 3 inches or 8 cm

Hand including thumb = 4 inches or 10 cm

Span = from tip of thumb to tip of little finger= 3 palms or 9 inches or 24 cm

English yard = from fingertip of arm to nose = 36 inches or about 1 meter

Foot = 12 “or 30 cm approximately

Fingernail = tip of pinky =1/2 inch = 1 cm.

• Meter stick or measuring tape

• Calculator

 

Procedure

1. Make a data table in your notebook with 7 columns and 7 rows. (See below).

2. Choose one of the six objects or distances you will measure.

3. Determine what form of measurement you will make with the first object. (For example: Length of the 6th grade hallway with paces, book with palm or hand, fingernail for crayon box, etc…)

4. Measure it with the determined form of measurement 3 times, and then find the average.

5. Measure it with the meter stick/or measuring tape and find the actual measurement. (IMPORTANT!!!!! BE SURE THAT THE UNITS OF MEASUREMENT STAY THE SAME, either inches or centimeters or yards or feet or meters and the average needs to be in the same units)

6. Repeat the same for each of the five objects that are left and measure it with a different type of measurement, 3 times, find the average and again the actual measurement.

7. Compare class data results. Find the average of these results.

Graph

 

Data Analysis

Looking at this graph i see that sometimes if you are reassuming something you need to do it more that once to find the real measurement because you can make a mistake like me and my partner did. Some of our measurements were to low, but some were just right. I realized that the smaller objects we were closer to the real measurement because its smaller which means it is easier to measure. Me and my friend got 1 object exact and also on only 1 we were very close.

Conclusion

The old English forms of measurement were not as effective. But using this type of measuring this will give you an approximate measurement, but it will almost never be exact. Although it can be but it is very rear. The meter stick or measuring tape were a lot easier, quicker and a lot more accurate. So as i explained it is very important to have the International measuring system because if not we would not know the exact measurement of things. If we used the old English ones then when every one measures something, it wont be exact. So My hypothesis was correct. For me the smaller objects were the most accurate and easiest to measure. But some other people may think different. My best form of measurement is the English yard because it is the most accurate. For me the one i really don't like is the pace because you don't know how big or small one pace is suppose to be, but other people might think different.

Further Inquiry 

I just have 1 thing me and my partner should improve on is that we don't measure the items too fast just to get it done, but to do it like we want to be correct and exact. And also not fight over who measures what. Some times an error that me and my partner would make is to forget what each measurement type is which. During this lab i learned enough about measurements so i don't have any further questions.