1) The right to exploit minerals beneath the ocean floor is highly consequential these days, as it is thought that large deposits of undiscovered petroleum are buried there. The rights to the minerals beneath most of the ocean floor have been allocated to various governments, although some territory remains either unclaimed or in dispute. Any resolution depends on the bases of various claims to sovereignty and ownership with respect to seabed mineral resources.
2) Add bigger taxes to people who shop, ask for help from other nations, make every product cheaper and join country competitions and try your best to win are only some of the possibilities to make a nation more wealthy.
3) I think that North and South America, Asia and Australia should share the mineral profits of the Pacific Ocean because the Pacific is bounded by Asia and Australia on the west and North and South America on the east. The North and South America, Africa and Europe should share the mineral profits of the Atlantic Ocean since they are the closest to the large ocean.
4) Generally, a state's EEZ extends to a distance of 200 nautical miles (370 km) out from its coastal baseline. The exception to this rule occurs when EEZs would overlap; that is, state coastal baselines are less than 400 nautical miles (740 km) apart. When an overlap occurs, it is up to the states to delineate the actual marine time boundaries. Generally, any point within an overlapping area defaults to the nearest state. A state's exclusive economic zone starts at the seaward edge of its territorial sea and extends outward to a distance of 200 nautical miles (370,4 km) from the baseline. Thus, the EEZ includes the contiguous zone. States also have rights to the seabed of what is called the continental shelf up to 350 nautical miles (648 km) from the coastal baseline, beyond the EEZ, but such areas are not part of their EEZ. The legal definition of the continental shelf does not directly correspond to the geological meaning of the term, as it also includes the continental rise and slope, and the entire seabed within the EEZ.
5) Body of surface water, such as a bay, gulf, or river, that forms a boundary between two or more states, drains or flows through two or more states, and/or is recognized as necessary channel of one or more states' access to the open sea.
6) The Pacific and Atlantic Oceans do not specifically belong to anyone because that is just one of the water bodies. It is as if we said that the Danube belongs to Serbia but t actually does not.
7) Deep ocean mining for manganese nodules is under development by several multinational mining consortia. Initial estimates of probable environmental effects of this mining were made before any actual operations were conducted. Recent pilot mining tests near Hawaii have provided an opportunity to verify and modify the initial estimates. The two principal initial impacts of mining are in the near surface water associated with increased turbidity caused by mining discharge, and in a relatively limited zone at the sea floor associated with collector traverse. Examples are presented of estimates of reduction in primary production in the turbid plume as well as the contrasting effect of increased nutrients. Effects of the mining collector on benthic populations are considered. The limitations of extrapolation of results obtained during pilot mining tests are discussed.
2) Add bigger taxes to people who shop, ask for help from other nations, make every product cheaper and join country competitions and try your best to win are only some of the possibilities to make a nation more wealthy.
3) I think that North and South America, Asia and Australia should share the mineral profits of the Pacific Ocean because the Pacific is bounded by Asia and Australia on the west and North and South America on the east. The North and South America, Africa and Europe should share the mineral profits of the Atlantic Ocean since they are the closest to the large ocean.
4) Generally, a state's EEZ extends to a distance of 200 nautical miles (370 km) out from its coastal baseline. The exception to this rule occurs when EEZs would overlap; that is, state coastal baselines are less than 400 nautical miles (740 km) apart. When an overlap occurs, it is up to the states to delineate the actual marine time boundaries. Generally, any point within an overlapping area defaults to the nearest state. A state's exclusive economic zone starts at the seaward edge of its territorial sea and extends outward to a distance of 200 nautical miles (370,4 km) from the baseline. Thus, the EEZ includes the contiguous zone. States also have rights to the seabed of what is called the continental shelf up to 350 nautical miles (648 km) from the coastal baseline, beyond the EEZ, but such areas are not part of their EEZ. The legal definition of the continental shelf does not directly correspond to the geological meaning of the term, as it also includes the continental rise and slope, and the entire seabed within the EEZ.
5) Body of surface water, such as a bay, gulf, or river, that forms a boundary between two or more states, drains or flows through two or more states, and/or is recognized as necessary channel of one or more states' access to the open sea.
6) The Pacific and Atlantic Oceans do not specifically belong to anyone because that is just one of the water bodies. It is as if we said that the Danube belongs to Serbia but t actually does not.
7) Deep ocean mining for manganese nodules is under development by several multinational mining consortia. Initial estimates of probable environmental effects of this mining were made before any actual operations were conducted. Recent pilot mining tests near Hawaii have provided an opportunity to verify and modify the initial estimates. The two principal initial impacts of mining are in the near surface water associated with increased turbidity caused by mining discharge, and in a relatively limited zone at the sea floor associated with collector traverse. Examples are presented of estimates of reduction in primary production in the turbid plume as well as the contrasting effect of increased nutrients. Effects of the mining collector on benthic populations are considered. The limitations of extrapolation of results obtained during pilot mining tests are discussed.
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