In With Good and Out With Bad Memories

Many people have times which are hard, and after it’s over, they don’t want the memory. Your brain deals with these types of memories in 2 types of ways. The first way is that it just blocking the memory out, and the second is to remember a replacement memory. 

“You don’t want to think about it because you want to just go on with life,” Dr. Benoit said. “You can somehow push it out, or you could try to think of something else, like maybe that nice vacation to France you had together.” 

The study participants were asked to connect the words “beach” and “Africa”. One group wasn’t allowed to think about the associated words all together, and the other group had the words “snorkel” and associate it with “beach”. 

The students were placed beneath a functional M.R.I. scanner. Researchers found out that when they are substituting memory, the left prefrontal cortex together with the hippocampus. However when there is a memory you don’t want, it is blocked out, the prefrontal cortex slows down the functioning of the hippocampus.Healthy people use both ways, and both work just as well

http://www.nytimes.com/2012/10/23/science/pushing-out-bad-memories.html?ref=science

Dip Lab

Today during science we experimented with water, alcohol and different pens. It more interesting than it sounds.We got pieces of paper and drew a dot or a different pattern on it with different types of markers then put it into a cup with little water on the bottom. As the paper soaked the water went up the paper because the water was polar and since the marker was also polar the water pulled the marker up with it.

The first photo shows the original pattern. There are only four different chemicals on this paper. The second paper is when we soaked it in water, and the second we soaked it in alcohol. The color from the marker spread out or overlapped. This method helps you find out, which of the markers chemicals are most polar and which least. The pictures were taken upside down so the dark blue in the corner was dunked in first. The chemical which went in first, dark blue, is the least polar, however the third chemical, Green, is the third least polar. The color which spread the most is the color which is the most polar since water is polar as well so it would mix with the water the best.

The difference from the water and alcohol is that in the water it spread much more. This is because the markers are polar, and alcohol is less polar, so they wouldn't mix as well as water and the ink. 












Here is a photo of all the tests we did. The first image is for water and the second for alcohol.

Luminescent

Temperature change (temperature change is from the start until 4 min, after that is different.

Bubbles are formed:

Color Change:                                                                                        

Dating Between Modern Humans and Neandertals

Max Planck Institute scientists predicted when Neandertals and Europeans now shared ancestors the last time. They did that to find out why Neanderthals are related a lot to people outside of Africa. The research which they did shows a “historical context for the interbreeding”. It tells us that it happened when us humans brought Upper Paleolithic knowledge found Neanderthals while they were going out of Africa.

“When the Neanderthal genome was sequenced in 2010” it showed that citizens which aren’t in Africa, have a little bit more genetic similarities with Neanderthals. The fact that humans mixed with Neanderthals when they went out of Africa explains this thought. 

Dr. Sriram Sankararaman calculated the extent of DNA parts in the genomes of the Europeans, which are very alike to Neanderthals. “Since recombination between chromosomes when egg and sperm cells are formed reduces the size of such pieces in each generation” the Neanderthal pieces will become smaller the longer they spend in the genomes of now living people.

The team came to a conclsion, they think that humans and Neanderthals traded genes at about 37000 to 86000 years ago, this shows that Neanderthals had kids with the ancestor of now living people out of Africa   

I choose this event because it stood out to me. I like anything that has to do with history, ancestor etc. I quoted some parts because I really liked how they said the statement. I would really like to see one of my ancestors, how they look like compared to me ad my family.

 http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/10/121004201046.htm

ScienceDaily (Oct. 4, 2012)

Molecules

Formula: CH₄

Name of molecule: Methane

The reason why the different atoms are spaced out is because all the electrons fend off each other

Formula: C₂H₆O

Name of Molecule: Ethanol
Ethanol: used in alcohol.

 

Same chemical formula however makes different compound

Formula: H₂CO

Name of Molecule: Formaldehyde

Formaldehyde: used in preserving dead bodies. Used in morgues

 

Formula: C₃H₈

Name of molecule: Propane

Formula: C₁₀H₂₁O₅Cl₂N₂Br

Molecule name: Vralintzky

What does it do:  It makes you invisible until you drink methane (but it is not poisonous, because of the reaction btw. Vralintzky and Methane, is like drinking apple juice.