In Quest of the Cosmic Origins of Silver: Silver and Gold Materialized in Different Stellar Explosions

 As Heidelberg scientist Dr. Camilla Hansen searches for the origin of elements, discovers that silver came to be during the explosion of special types of starts. These starts are different from the ones which form gold. We found this out by measuring high-mass stars with some help.

Other elements like hydrogen, helium and lithium came to this planet a little bit after the explosion Any other heavier elements came to be later on the inside of the stars or during star outbursts, each age group of stars pitched in to add chemical elements to the planet. 

A star can’t create a huge amount of elements in the same time. The amount of elements a star can create during its life relies on its mass the most.  At the end of a stars life, the star is 10 times the size of our sun explode creating different elements, some heavier some lighter which are made from the explosion. Silver and gold can also appear in this way however depending on the weight of the star.

When more than one star of the same weight blows up, the proportion of the elements which are created from the explosion are exactly the same.

“The investigations by Dr. Hansen and her associated scientists have now demonstrated that the amount of silver in the stars measured is completely independent of the amounts of other heavy elements like gold. “ This shows that silver is formed in a completely different way as gold. The scientists explain that silver can’t have appeared in the same time as gold. The stars they cam from must be a different weights.

I choose this current event again because it is about what we are learning now. Also because I didn't know that elements came from stars. I found that very interesting. Also that different types of stars with different masses create different elements. 

ScienceDaily (Sep. 6, 2012)

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/09/120906074025.htm

At Least 200,000 Tons of Oil and Gas from Deepwater Horizon Spill Consumed by Gulf Bacteria

ScienceDaily (Sep. 11, 2012)
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/09/120911125315.htm

Researchers from the University of Rochester and Texas A&M University found out that naturally-occurring bacteria which exist in the Gulf of Mexico composed and got rid of about 200,000 tons of natural gas and oil that was sent into the Gulf from the crack well head.

The researchers were trying to find out how much gas and oil was eaten away by the bacteria and how the “characteristics of this feast changed with time.”

The co-author John Kessler of the University of Rochester said: "A significant amount of the oil and gas that was released was retained within the ocean water more than one-half mile below the sea surface. It appears that the hydrocarbon-eating bacteria did a good job of removing the majority of the material that was retained in these layers,"

"Interestingly, the oil and gas consumption rate was correlated with the addition of dispersants at the wellhead. While there is still much to learn about the appropriateness of using dispersants in a natural ecosystem, our results suggest it made the released hydrocarbons more available to the native Gulf of Mexico microorganisms." Said Kessler

Their measurements demonstrate that the burning up of the oil and gas by bacteria in the Gulf stopped five months after the Deepwater Horizon outburst on September 2010 "It is unclear if this indicates that this great feast was over by this time or if the microorganisms were simply taking a break before they start on dessert and coffee" said Kessler. "Our results suggest that some (about 40%) of the released hydrocarbons that once populated these layers still remained in the Gulf post September 2010, so food was available for the feast to continue at some later time. But the location of those substances and whether they were biochemically transformed is unknown."

Studying the Deepwater Horizon spill showed that the oil and gases were trapped underwater in plumes. By using a more complex data, they were able to calculate the amount of tons of hydrocarbons was removed in the Gulf waters. Their research proposed that most of what was making the underwater plumes of oil and gas was destroyed by the bacteria. Professor John Kessler, lately examined that over 1300 outlines of oxygen melted in the Gulf of Mexico and covering nearly 30,000 square miles.

I think that this event was amazing. I also wrote about it because it does have something to do with elements but its also interesting.  I also like how the spill was consumed by bacteria. I was also didn't know that bacteria could consume oil, especially that much.

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/09/120911125315.htm

Water And LED Lights Graffiti

Art means a different thing to everyone. For some is just something they have to do because of art class, for some people they do it because they just love it and for others it’s a away to express themselves in ways they can’t with words or writing. However no one can think of one bad think with this type of art Graffiti using only water and Led lights. This light wall was made by a French designer and artist Antonin Fourneau who also worked with another group of designers at the Digitalarti Artlab. They made a wall composed of many LED lights. They made it that whenever the wall touches water the lights turned on.

The group of artist and designers worked on this project for many weeks. They had many models, designs and samples to make sure it worked perfectly. After it was completed in July, the people of Poitiers, France were able to try it out and let their whole artistic talents out. Fourneau describes the wall “a wall for ephemeral (short-term) messages in the urban space without deterioration. A wall to communicate and share magically in the city.” I am sure all of you out there wanted to try it out, however hopefully Fourneau will bring a wall ot other countries to see what people of other cultures would draw.

I choose to write about this even because it does have something to do with elements and our unit now, however it does also have a fun factor to it. I also really like this event because I don't really like graffiti, when people draw on the building walls. However this is for those people who do like graffiti so they wont have to ruin buildings and other peoples houses.

http://www.dogonews.com/2012/8/26/french-artist-and-designer-creates-elegant-graffiti-art-using-water-and-led-lights
By Meera Dolasia on 08/26/2012 

Comparing Atom Sizes Lab

Table which I used to make the graph

My conclusions on a graph:

















For homework, we had to complete a lab called comparing atom sizes. The task we needed to do was quit easy to understand. So we needed to make a graph and present specific information on it. So we needed to compare the atomic number to the radius of the atom. Did the radius go up as the atomic number goes up or the opposite?

Conclusion: So from this graph what I concluded is that as the atomic number goes higher, the radius will get bigger to. The reason why is because when the atomic number is bigger that means there are more protons, neutrons and electrons, and since there are more, they fill up more of the space, which makes the atoms radius bigger.

Can You Resist A Marshmallow?

 So I saw this interesting and a bit funny article online so just for fun I thought I could write about it. I hope you like it :)

Have you ever tried a marshmallow, of course you have who hasn’t? Which means you all know how tempting it is to eat one, so for how long can you stand firm and not eat one? A conclusion has been made by University of Stanford scientist Walter Mische who is the creator of the “Stanford Marshmallow Test”

The actual test was performed between 1968-1970 however the actual results came in this year. So children from 4 to 6 were placed in a room which had only one marshmallow on a plate. The only instructions the children were given is to wait until someone comes back without eating the marshmallow. If they don’t eat it they get an extra one and if they do eat it the just get that single one that is on the plate. The scientists would then go outside and watch how the kids react to the marshmallow. Their observations were exactly what they hoped for and thought. All the older children could resist the power of the marshmallow. However one surprising fact is that not many grabbed the marshmallow right away they tried but got possessed by the powerful marshmallow.

However the experiment doesn’t end there. After many years they contacted the same group that took the test and saw results. The ones who didn’t eat the marshmallow are more knowledgeable. They also found out that the ones who could control themselves have a much healthier weight.

I really like this article because i thought it was fun. I wanted to start of the year with an exiting current event, which is why i picked this one. I thought this would be something interesting for someone to read when their day wasn't as much fun or interesting. The best part about this event where the end products, the ones made a couple years after. 

"How Long Can You Resist a Marshmallow?" Dogo News. N.p., 20 Aug. 2012. Web. 29
     Aug. 2012.      how-long-can-you-resist-a-marshmallow>. 

Titanium :D

Do you know the periodic table? One of the elements on the table is Titanium. It is one of the most brilliant and bright elements. It is quite common to humans however it is the only metal that can burn up completely in air as well as in nitrogen. Titanium is resistant to many other materials. For example chloride solutions, hydrochloric acid, damp chlorine gas and most organic acid. Titanium is part of other bigger things in the solar system like the sun and meteorites. 

_{Titanium reacts to different materials in different ways. For example it will form into titanium dioxide}, TiO₂ and titanium nitride, TiN while burning in air forming a remarkable white flame. Or maybe even titanium with acids.HF (Dilute aqueous hydrofluoric acid), with titanium forms [TiF₆]^3- (anion). Titanium reacts differently to many other elements like water, halogens and many more. I think its time to throw in some fun facts in here. Something about titanium that you did not know is that it is so beautiful and magnificent in fireworks. When you start painting remember that titanium is used in in pain since it covers up different materials really well. Some people might loose a hip or other joints well titanium is used to replace joints.  Lastly which is probably the most interesting to all of you is that titanium is one of the main elements used to make the

Apple Titanium G4 Laptop.

_{Here is some basic information about Titanium}

• Name: Titanium
• Symbol: Ti
• Group in periodic table: 4
• Group name: (none)
• Period in periodic table: 4
• Block in periodic table: d-block
• Standard state: solid at 298 K
• CAS Registry ID: 7440-32-6
• Colour: silvery metallic
• Classification: Metallic
• Atomic number: 22
• Atomic weight: 47.867 (1)

For those of you who are interested in the history behind this beautiful element here it is. The element wasn't originally named Titanium, at first it was called Gregorite. Discovered in 1792 by a British chemist named Reverend William Gregor. However it was named titanium later on when it was refunded by M.H. Klaproth. He decided to name it Titanium because of the titans in Greek myths.

http://www.mccsc.edu/~nrapp/elementquest/students/titanium/interesting.html

http://www.webelements.com/titanium/chemistry.html

http://www.webelements.com/titanium/history.html
http://www.supraalloys.com/history.php 

http://www.webelements.com/titanium/

GRADE 8

Heeeeey its been a long time since I posted. Guess what this is my first blog post in 8th grade!!!
Yes thats right me and my pears are in GRADE 8 now and I cant wait for you to see my awesome, cool and fun blog posts i do this year. It will be even more amazing, interesting and w whole lot of fun!!!